中文字体美化是个很讨厌的事情，无数初学者在这里面浪费了无数时间，做了无数没有意义的事情。但这也是不得不做的，我把 Debian Wheezy 所需要的中文字体美化操作步骤详细记录在这里，希望能节约大家一部分时间。
1 安装必要的字体包
首先，我们的字体美化依赖 Deja Vu
系列字体，因此我们首先安装这个软件包：
ttf-dejavu。
其次，因为是“中文”美化，因此必须有中文字体。经过多年的发展，文泉驿已经发展成为一个非常成熟的字体了，“文泉驿正黑”是一个非常漂亮的字体，同时支持“文泉驿点阵宋体”作为内嵌点阵，作为日常工作已经没有什么太大问题。文泉驿的安装包已经进入了
Debian，直接安装 ttf-wqy-zenhei
就可以了。如果想直接使用点阵宋体的话，可以安装
xfonts-wqy。另外，还可以通过
ttf-wqy-microhei
安装文泉驿微米黑，那是一个通过 Google 的 Droid
系列字体衍生出来的字体，效果也不错。
除了文泉驿系列字体外，比较流行的免费中文字体还有文鼎提供的楷体和上海宋，包名分别是：
ttf-arphic-ukai 和
ttf-arphic-uming。把这些字体都装上之后，应该就已经具备一个基本能用的中文环境了。
2 修改配置文件
和若干年前比起来，目前 Debian
默认的字体配置效果已经非常好了，如果觉得已经满意了的话，完全就可以使用默认配置，不需要再做什么额外设置。如果想获得更好一些的效果的话，可以参考以下滇狐自己的字体配置文件。将以下内容写到存放到你的家目录下，命名为
.fonts.conf，就可以了。
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM 'fonts.dtd'>
<fontconfig>
<alias>
<family>serif</family>
<prefer>
<family>DejaVu Serif</family>
<family>Bitstream Vera Serif</family>
<family>Evermore Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</family>
<family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>sans-serif</family>
<prefer>
<family>DejaVu Sans</family>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
<family>Evermore Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</family>
<family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>monospace</family>
<prefer>
<family>DejaVu Sans Mono</family>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family>
<family>Evermore Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Micro Hei Mono</family>
<family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<!-- Anti-alias -->
<match target="font">
<edit mode="assign" name="antialias">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
<edit mode="assign" name="rgba">
<const>rgb</const>
</edit>
<edit mode="assign" name="hinting">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
<edit mode="assign" name="hintstyle">
<const>hintfull</const>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- WenQuanYi Zen Hei -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
<string>文泉驿正黑</string>
</test>
<edit name="embeddedbitmap">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
<edit name="antialias">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- WenQuanYi Zen Hei Sharp -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Sharp</string>
<string>文泉驿点阵正黑</string>
</test>
<edit name="embeddedbitmap">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- WenQuanYi Bitmap Song -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
</test>
<test compare="less" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>12</double>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
</test>
<test compare="more" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>16</double>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="family">
<string>AR PL ShanHeiSun</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Evermore Song -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>Evermore Song</string>
<string>永中宋体</string>
</test>
<test compare="less" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>12</double>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Use WenQuanYi Bitmap Song for bold Chinese -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>Evermore Song</string>
<string>永中宋体</string>
</test>
<test compare="more_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>12</double>
</test>
<test compare="less_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>16</double>
</test>
<test compare="more" name="weight" qual="any">
<const>medium</const>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Disable anti-alias for bitmap fonts -->
<match target="font">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>Evermore Song</string>
<string>永中宋体</string>
<string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Sharp</string>
<string>文泉驿点阵正黑</string>
<string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
</test>
<test compare="more_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>12</double>
</test>
<test compare="less_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>16</double>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="antialias">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Alias -->
<alias>
<family>SimSun</family>
<family>宋体</family>
<prefer>
<family>Evermore Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
<family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
</prefer>
<default>
<family>serif</family>
</default>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>SimHei</family>
<family>黑体</family>
<prefer>
<family>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</family>
</prefer>
<default>
<family>sans-serif</family>
</default>
</alias>
<!-- End -->
</fontconfig>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM 'fonts.dtd'>
<fontconfig>
<alias>
<family>serif</family>
<prefer>
<family>DejaVu Serif</family>
<family>Bitstream Vera Serif</family>
<family>Evermore Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</family>
<family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>sans-serif</family>
<prefer>
<family>DejaVu Sans</family>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
<family>Evermore Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</family>
<family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>monospace</family>
<prefer>
<family>DejaVu Sans Mono</family>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family>
<family>Evermore Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Micro Hei Mono</family>
<family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<!-- Anti-alias -->
<match target="font">
<edit mode="assign" name="antialias">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
<edit mode="assign" name="rgba">
<const>rgb</const>
</edit>
<edit mode="assign" name="hinting">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
<edit mode="assign" name="hintstyle">
<const>hintfull</const>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- WenQuanYi Zen Hei -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
<string>文泉驿正黑</string>
</test>
<edit name="embeddedbitmap">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
<edit name="antialias">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- WenQuanYi Zen Hei Sharp -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Sharp</string>
<string>文泉驿点阵正黑</string>
</test>
<edit name="embeddedbitmap">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- WenQuanYi Bitmap Song -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
</test>
<test compare="less" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>12</double>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
</test>
<test compare="more" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>16</double>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="family">
<string>AR PL ShanHeiSun</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Evermore Song -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>Evermore Song</string>
<string>永中宋体</string>
</test>
<test compare="less" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>12</double>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Use WenQuanYi Bitmap Song for bold Chinese -->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>Evermore Song</string>
<string>永中宋体</string>
</test>
<test compare="more_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>12</double>
</test>
<test compare="less_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>16</double>
</test>
<test compare="more" name="weight" qual="any">
<const>medium</const>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Disable anti-alias for bitmap fonts -->
<match target="font">
<test name="family" qual="any">
<string>Evermore Song</string>
<string>永中宋体</string>
<string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Sharp</string>
<string>文泉驿点阵正黑</string>
<string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
</test>
<test compare="more_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>12</double>
</test>
<test compare="less_eq" name="pixelsize" qual="any">
<double>16</double>
</test>
<edit mode="assign" name="antialias">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Alias -->
<alias>
<family>SimSun</family>
<family>宋体</family>
<prefer>
<family>Evermore Song</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
<family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
</prefer>
<default>
<family>serif</family>
</default>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>SimHei</family>
<family>黑体</family>
<prefer>
<family>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</family>
<family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</family>
</prefer>
<default>
<family>sans-serif</family>
</default>
</alias>
<!-- End -->
</fontconfig>
3 安装额外字体
以上配置应该能够满足日常需要了。而且字型也足够美观大方。如果还是觉得不满意，非得偷盗版的
SimSun 才舒服的话，请将偷来的文件放到
/usr/local/share/fonts 下，然后运行
sudo fc-cache
即可。上述配置文件已经考虑了使用 SimSun 时的美化。
